Sparganothis senecionana

Family: Tortricidae · Class: Insecta · Order: Lepidoptera

Sparganothis senecionana is a small tortricid moth in the family Tortricidae, subfamily Sparganothini. Adults typically measure 8-12 mm in wingspan, displaying the characteristic wing pattern and coloration of the Sparganothis genus. The forewings are generally brownish with variable markings, while the hindwings are lighter in coloration with fringed margins typical of tortricid moths. Historically, this species was documented in California, with specific records from Lake County where larvae were collected at 2,500 feet elevation along the Eel River (Powell & Brown 2012). The species appears to have had a limited distribution within the state, though comprehensive surveys of its historical range remain incomplete. Current distribution status is uncertain, as recent collection records are lacking. Sparganothis senecionana inhabits montane environments at moderate elevations, with documented occurrence at 2,500 feet in Lake County. The species is associated with areas supporting its documented host plant, Sedum spathulifolium (stonecrop), suggesting a preference for rocky or well-drained habitats where this succulent occurs naturally. The habitat requirements likely include slopes, rock outcroppings, or disturbed areas where Sedum species establish. The species exhibits typical tortricid moth biology, with larvae feeding as leaf rollers or borers within their host plants. Documented host plant relationships include Sedum spathulifolium, with larvae collected from this succulent in May and adults emerging in late June (Powell & Brown 2012). This timing suggests a univoltine life cycle with larval development occurring through late spring and early summer. Like other Sparganothis species, S. senecionana likely undergoes obligate diapause as first instar larvae, overwintering in this stage before resuming development the following season. Adults are presumably active during summer months, with mating and oviposition occurring on or near host plants. The conservation status of Sparganothis senecionana is of significant concern. NatureServe lists the species as GX (Presumed Extinct) as of December 2025, indicating no recent confirmed observations despite targeted searches. The species lacks federal or state listing status in California, reflecting limited historical documentation and absence of recent conservation assessments. The apparent extirpation may be linked to habitat loss, changes in host plant availability, or collection pressure, though specific threatening factors have not been documented. The restricted historical range and specialized host plant requirements likely made this species particularly vulnerable to environmental changes. Scientific documentation for this species remains extremely limited, with most information derived from historical collection records. The taxonomic status and relationship to other Sparganothis species requires further investigation. If populations persist, they would likely be extremely localized and vulnerable to extinction. Targeted surveys in historical collection areas, particularly around the Eel River drainage in Lake County, may be warranted to confirm current status.

Data from The California Species Project — 14,000+ California species with verified data from CNPS, CDFW, USFWS, and more.